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The Quadratus Femoris is a deep hip muscle located in the posterior compartment of the thigh. It plays an important role in hip stabilization, rotation, and abduction. In this blog post, we will discuss the anatomy and function of the Quadratus Femoris muscle, as well as common injuries and treatment options.
Anatomy of the Quadratus Femoris
The Quadratus Femoris muscle originates from the ischial tuberosity, which is the bony prominence in the pelvis that we sit on. It then inserts onto the quadrate tubercle of the femur, which is a small bony projection on the back of the femur near the hip joint. The muscle is innervated by the nerve to Quadratus Femoris, which arises from the sacral plexus.
Structure of the Quadratus Femoris
The Quadratus Femoris muscle is a quadrilateral-shaped muscle that lies deep to the gluteus maximus and the inferior gemellus muscles. It is approximately 10 cm in length and 1 cm in thickness. The muscle fibers run obliquely from the ischial tuberosity to the quadrate tubercle of the femur.
Nerves and Arteries of the Quadratus Femoris
The Quadratus Femoris muscle is innervated by the nerve to Quadratus Femoris, which arises from the sacral plexus. The blood supply to the Quadratus Femoris muscle comes from the inferior gluteal artery and the medial circumflex femoral artery.
Functions of the Quadratus Femoris
The Quadratus Femoris muscle plays an important role in hip stabilization, rotation, and abduction. When the muscle contracts, it helps to pull the femur toward the midline of the body. This action is important for maintaining balance and stability while standing, walking, and running. The muscle also assists with external rotation of the hip joint, which is essential for activities such as throwing a ball or kicking a soccer ball.
Injuries of the Quadratus Femoris
The Quadratus Femoris muscle is susceptible to injury due to its location deep within the hip. Common injuries include strains, tears, and tendinitis. These injuries can be caused by overuse, trauma, or sudden movements that place stress on the muscle.
Symptoms of Quadratus Femoris injuries may include pain in the hip and buttock region, weakness, and limited range of motion. In severe cases, the muscle may rupture, which can cause significant pain and disability.
Treatment Options for Quadratus Femoris Injuries
Treatment options for Quadratus Femoris injuries may include rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), as well as physical therapy. Physical therapy may include exercises to strengthen the muscle and improve range of motion, as well as techniques such as massage and stretching.
In some cases, more invasive treatments may be necessary, such as corticosteroid injections or surgery. Surgery may be required in cases where the muscle has completely ruptured or when conservative treatments have been unsuccessful.
As physiotherapists, it's important to have a thorough understanding of the Quadratus Femoris muscle and its role in hip stabilization, rotation, and abduction. Injuries to the Quadratus Femoris can cause significant pain and disability, and may require a variety of treatment options. By educating ourselves and our patients about the anatomy and function of this important muscle, we can better manage and prevent injuries, and help our patients achieve optimal function and quality of life.
References
Coming soon
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Written by Kyle van Heerden
Online Educator at Research Raconteur
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